Current State of Surface-Series Devices

Yes, now Ubuntu 18.04 also supported! Which means you can install Linux on the Surface devices and even in the latest surface book 2 with the NVIDIA 1050/1060! This guide will go step by step on how you can install Ubuntu 16.04 with LUKS (encrypted) alongside Windows 10! 🙂

Of course although most of the things work, some features are still under development. The procedure is pretty simple, even if you choose to encrypt the hard disk!

The showcase!

Here is Ubuntu 16.04 running on the new Surface Book 2. Since I use it as a portable workstation, the Surface is running the Yolo classifier (CUDA, cudnn) in ROS – all in a docker container – while playing a 1440p video on youtube! 🙂

Make space for Ubuntu – shrink disk

Go to Disk Manager and right-click on the disk and choose Shrink

If you don’t have much space, you’ll have to follow these instructions to use some of the swap space.

Prepare Ubuntu Live USB

• To create a Live USB in Windows, follow these instructions.
• For any linux environment just run:
  sudo dd bs=4M if=ubuntu-18.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdxxx conv=fdatasync
  where /dev/sdxxx points to the USB drive.

(Optional): Disable Secure Boot and Bitlocker

Well, although you should be fine with the Secure Boot enabled, it saves a lot of headaches if you disable it! Trust me! 🙂

• Here is how to disable Secure Boot. Once here perform also Step 4! Change boot-order to boot from USB.
• Here is how to disable Bitlocker.

Change boot-order to boot from USB

1. Make sure the Surface Pro device is turned off.
2. Attach a bootable USB storage device.
3. Hold the volume-down button.
4. Press and release the power button.
5. When the Surface logo appears, release the volume-down button.
6. Go to “Boot Configuration” and move the USB to the top of the list.
7. Reboot

Install Ubuntu

Yeap! Here, it is just the typical Ubuntu installation! However you have the option also to install Ubuntu on an encrypted partition. If you like that idea continue with the sub-steps (highly recommended).

Install Ubuntu on LUKS (using LVM)

Choose “Try Ubuntu”

Just boot into Live Ubuntu.

Create two new partitions

Start “gparted” and create two new partitions:

• The “boot” partition, 1GB and formatted as ext3. In this example: /dev/nvme0n1p5
• The LVM partition, which will host the rest, unformatted. In this example: /dev/nvme0n1p6

Create the LUKS container

Now we are going to encrypt the partition /dev/nvme0n1p6 . Run the following

sudo cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/nvme0n1p6
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/nvme0n1p6 CryptDisk

Create the LVM physical volume

We are going to a create volume group and three logical volumes. These will serve as root, home and swap. The space you allocate for each logical volume is up to you. Most of the space should go to home and remember that if you want to use hibernation, swap should be at least the amount of physical RAM.

sudo pvcreate /dev/mapper/CryptDisk && \
sudo vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/CryptDisk && \
sudo lvcreate -n root -L 150g vg && \
sudo lvcreate -n home -L 289g vg && \
sudo lvcreate -n swap -L 16g vg

Create the filesystems

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root && \
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-home && \
sudo mkswap /dev/mapper/vg-swap

Install Ubuntu

No need to reboot or anything, just use the icon on the Ubuntu’s desktop to start the installation.

Installation type: Something else

At this step of the installation procedure you need to select “Something else” such that we can select the appropriate logical volumes.

Map Logical Volumes

Here you need to map vg-root , vg-home and vg-swap and of course /boot. An example of vg-home:

Don’t reboot once finished!

Once the graphical installer is finished, select “continue testing” and open a terminal.

Get the UUID of the LUKS partition

We need to get the UUID of the LUKS partition – /dev/nvme0n1p6 – which are gonna use a lot later. Thus, open a new tab in the terminal and run:

sudo blkid /dev/nvme0n1p6
# which gives:
# /dev/nvme0n1p6: UUID="eb7c0bb0-b0f6-4e9a-999c-26ac5bd826d8" [etc]

Chroot into newly installed Ubuntu

Before chroot we need to mount the appropriate devices to the appropriate locations in /mnt:

sudo mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt && \
sudo mount /dev/mapper/vg-home /mnt/home && \
sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p5 /mnt/boot

sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev && \
sudo chroot /mnt

# Now inside chroot
mount -t proc proc /proc && \
mount -t sysfs sys /sys && \
mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts

Update Initial Ramdisk

Now use the UUID (switch tab and get it) and create the following two files:

# Create /etc/crypttab
echo "CryptDisk UUID=eb7c0bb0-b0f6-4e9a-999c-26ac5bd826d8 none luks,retry=1,lvm=vg" >> /etc/crypttab

# Create /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/cryptroot
echo "CRYPTROOT=target=CryptDisk,source=/dev/disk/by-uuid/eb7c0bb0-b0f6-4e9a-999c-26ac5bd826d8" >> /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/cryptroot

and update the initial ramdisk:

update-initramfs -k all -c

You might get some firmware warnings, but that’s OK 🙂

Update GRUB

Next we need to update the default configuration of GRUB (/etc/default/grub):

nano /etc/default/grub
# Find GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" and change it with:
# GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="cryptopts=target=CryptDisk,source=/dev/disk/by-uuid/eb7c0bb0-b0f6-4e9a-999c-26ac5bd826d8,lvm=vg"

# and the update grub
update-grub

You might get some warnings/errors because of the USB stick (sda) but it is nothing to worry about!

Reboot!

Installation finished! Now reboot to the newly installed Ubuntu! Oh some heads up! There is a high chance that your keyboard will not work. No panic! We will fix that later! However you need to be able to unlock the drive, thus go get an external keyboard – just in case!

Install jakeday kernel

With this patched kernel all your problems (well almost all) will dissapear! Thanks jakeday and now qzed!! To install the patched-kernel do:

# Let's update first everything and install prerequisites
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade && \
sudo apt install git curl wget sed

# Clone repo
git clone https://github.com/linux-surface/linux-surface

# Run script - and choose yes for everything. This will install latest kernel
cd ~/linux-surface && sudo sh setup.sh

And follow the script’s instructions.

Go to Releases and download the kernel version you want. You need all three .deb files (kernel, headers, libc). Install them as normal deb files.

Install NVIDIA Drivers

Not to scare you… NVIDIA drivers work fine! There is however one caveat: When on battery, the performance level of the GPU is restricted currently to zero. This results in a laggy desktop environment – especially if the resolution is configured at 4K. Check this issue report in the jakeday/linux-surface repository. This means that the GPU-frequency is restricted to low values. It seems it is currently a design choice by the contributors of the jakeday kernel in order to optimize the power consumption.

There are two workarounds currently:

1. Use 1080p resolution and avoid heavy duty GPU-tasks while on battery
2. Don’t use the NVIDIA GPU or dGPU! Use the Intel one and only use the dGPU when needed (optimus + bbswitch)

I followed the second path my self! I use the Intel GPU as the main one, for anything graphical and the NVIDIA to do my CUDA stuff by utilizing Optimus and bbswitch!

In any case, whatever path you follow you can install the NVIDIA drivers:

To install the (latest) nvidia drivers you need to add a new repository and then install the desired version. I am currently using nvidia version 430. I did a lot of stress testing with this version and I didn’t notice any throttling issues. I did also some CUDA (cudnn) tests and those were perfectly fine as well.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-430

# Or you can also use (installs latest recommended)
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

Custom resolution

By default – at least in my case – there is only the option: to select 4K as your resolution. For me, that was causing at least 2 issues:

• Overheating
• Some Apps were not designed for 4K like MATLAB

So, to fix this, you only need to add a custom resolution – like 1080p – via xrandr in Ubuntu.

You are all set! Enjoy!

References

• How to dual boot Ubuntu 18.04 on Surface Book
• How can I install Ubuntu encrypted with LUKS with dual-boot?
• Jakeday’s Github